Royal Order of the Seraphim, $2,500. The Chancellor, who stood to the left of the sovereign, then explained in a few words the object of the order, the honour attached to it, and the reasons which had induced His Majesty to elect the new Knight. This form is used because the Swedish word orden is an old plural form which indicates that a knight has to be a Commander Grand Cross or Commander of at least one of the other Swedish Orders. Sweden: Was given the order at her wedding 870: 15 June 2015: Nicolas (2015–) Prince of … The Order of the Seraphim is a royal Swedish order, and is Sweden's highest award. The Seraphim Medal (Swedish language: Serafimermedaljen) is a royal medal of Sweden.Established in 1748, it is awarded by the King of Sweden for service that benefits society or service of a humanitarian nature.. [2] Appearance. Knights and Members of the Order wear the badge on a collar (chain) or on a sash from the right shoulder, and the star on the left chest: Formerly Knights of the Order also had two distinctive habits, worn on special and formal occasions such as coronations, chapters, etc. Likewise, the Order of the Seraphim was restricted to foreign heads of state and equivalents. Originally established by King Fredrik I in 1748, the Order of the Seraphim is the senior order in Sweden. Princess Setsuko of Chichibu is awarded the Royal Order of the Seraphim of Sweden at her residence on April 8, 1969 in Tokyo, Japan. Free shipping. Sweden, Kingdom. In 1995, the law was revised and conferrals upon members of the royal family was allowed. The order was … It was established by King Frederick I on 23 February 1748, together with the Order of the Sword and Order of the Polar Star. This video is unavailable. The obverse of the medal bears the effigy of King Frederick I with the inscription above FREDERICUS D.G. It is conferred exclusively upon members of the Swedish Royal Family, as well as foreign heads of state. Photo: The Royal Collections dept. Royal Order of the Seraphim - Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden - Duchies in Sweden - Jämtland - Sweden - Monarchy of Sweden - Princess Margaretha, Mrs. Ambler - Princess Birgitta of Sweden - House of Hohenzollern - Princess Désirée, Baroness Silfverschiöld - Princess Christina, Mrs. Magnuson - Queen Silvia of Sweden - Germany - Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden - Västergötland - Prince Carl Philip, … Knights and Members of the Order wear the badge on a collar (chain) or on a sash from the right shoulder, and the star on the left chest: photo: Wikipedia. The Monarchy in Sweden; Duties of the Monarch; Orders. $99.99. Watch; Swedish RPI 1957 Silver 925 Order & Pin . Foreign Knights are for the greater part Knights of the Order of the Seraphim. ed.). With this the ceremony concluded. Seraphim Medal Serafimermedaljen; Obverse of the Seraphim Medal. The Orders, decorations, and medals of Sweden have a historical basis, reaching back to the 1606 founding of the extinct Jehova Order.The Royal Order of Knights of Sweden were only truly codified in the 18th century, with their formal foundation in 1748 by Frederick I of Sweden.Significant reforms in 1974 changed the conditions and criteria under which many orders and decorations could be awarded. Sold for £260 Charles X Gustav's Order of the Name of Jesus took the form of a similar circular medallion bearing the letters IHS in diamonds surrounded by a border of diamonds in the center of a cross formed of four enameled Vasa sheaves and hanging from a pink ribbon worn around the neck, of which one example survives in the collections of the Royal Armory. Order of the Seraphim, Grand Cross Add To My Medals. Free shipping. London: Spring Books. The Seraphim Medal (Swedish: Serafimermedaljen) is a royal medal of Sweden.Established in 1748, it is awarded by the King of Sweden for service that benefits society or service of a humanitarian nature. Pre-Owned. Buy It Now . Swedish Royal Court: Orders The coat of arms in Riddarholmen Church. The Royal Order of the Seraphim (Kungliga Serafimerorden) (Seraphim being a category of Angels) is a Swedish order of chivalry created by King Frederick I on 23 February 1748, together with the Order of the Sword and the Order of the Polar Star. Sweden: The Most Noble Order of the Seraphim Serafimerorden. The Order of the Seraphim. The Seraphim Order is a Guild based on 6 wings, each wing being another smaller guild … 0% Buyer's Premium. The Seraphim Medal is a gold medal of the 8th size. It is conferred exclusively upon members of the Swedish Royal Family, as well as foreign heads of state. The order can be given to any Swedish citizen or any citizen from any country. These chains did not indicate the initiation into an order of chivalry as this is usually understood, since the bestowal of a chain of a particular design only occurred at a particular coronation and was not repeated at any other coronations or royal event. Earlier specimen, reintroduced of late. The bells of Riddarholmen Church are also rung on the day when a Seraphim Knight is buried. This Order was founded by King Frederick I in 1748. [8] This law was revised in 1995 to allow members of the Swedish Royal Family to receive the order. This Order was founded by King Frederick I in 1748. $3,840. A selection of these plates is exhibited in Seraphim room at the Royal Palace in Stockholm. This requirement would die out as boards of physicians and other professionals made such supervision by the Knights of the Seraphim anachronistic during the course of the 19th century. The Order of the Seraphim (in Hebrew for a category of Angels) or the Order of His Majesty the King (Swedish Serafimerorden or Kungl. It is awarded in only one class – Knight – almost exclusively to members of the Swedish Royal Family and foreign heads of state. The Seraphim Medal is a gold medal of the 8th size. From Lithuania. The permanent exhibition features the Swedish Order of Knights, also displaying select objects used in Order related ceremonies. For more information please view Terms and Conditions for Buyers. EG3345b Add to Compare. Instituted: 23 February 1748 by King Frederick I. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. $22.99. It is a Swedish Order of Seraphim awarded in 1911 to an Officer of Italian Royal Army, whose name was Emilio Marchiafava. The Order of the Seraphim was founded by King Frederik I on 23 February 1748, when the order was founded the Knights had the duty of supervising hospitals and mental asylums in Sweden. Title: Order of the Seraphim Creator: Manufacturer: Carl Friedrich Carlman (?-1889), court jeweler of Swedish royal orders C.F.CARLMAN KONGL/ORDENSJUWELERARE STOCKHOLM Date Created: 1875 Location: Sweden REX SUECIAE. The Order of the Seraphim or the Order of His Majesty The King, is the most outstanding distinction in Sweden. REX SUECIAE. It is noteworthy that a contemporary representation of this order shows a collar of alternating red-enameled seraphim heads and gold patriarchal crosses from which hangs as pendant an oval badge enameled blue and bearing the Greek letters of the Christogram IHS (the initials of the name of Jesus in Greek) with a cross above and the three nails of the Passion below between the three crowns of the Swedish royal arms—the same as the central medallion of the latter Order of the Seraphim. Similarly, John III had bestowed the Order of the Lamb of God (Agnus Dei) in 1569. The two sponsors, thereupon, conduct the postulant before the King, where he kneels down, and replies affirmatively, with a simple "Yes," to all the following questions: On these questions being answered, the King handed the diploma to the Secretary from whom the Chancellor received the document and read it aloud to the assembly, after which the new Knight swore to defend with his life and property the Christian faith, to remain true to the King and the State, to protect the poor, widows and orphans, and to promote their welfare to the best of his power. Sweden, Kingdom. The Order of the Seraphim. The actual reception into the Order, however, was fixed at 28 April, the birthday of King Frederick I, the founder of the Order. The Collar of this Order is only awarded as a mark of special distinction. Other websites. A Most Noble Order of the Seraphim, I Class Grand Cross Sash. Lots: 1-603 12 Jun 2015 12:00 BST Date Format. REX SUECIAE. *Sweden, Order of the Seraphim, set of insignia, by Carlman, Stockholm, comprising sash badge, with date mark for 1962, in gold and enamels, width 57mm, and breast star, in silver, with gilt and enamelled centre, 85mm, extremely fine, with sash (2) Orders, Decorations and Medals. Front shows Frederick I of Sweden and the inscription ”FREDERICUS D. G. REX SUECIAE” (Frederick by the Grace of God King of the Swedes, the Goths and the Wends). The medieval custom of new crowned monarchs dubbing knights at their coronations[4] as a way of specially honoring particular noblemen was apparently accompanied in Sweden with the gift of a chain apparently specially designed for the occasion. Maj:ts Orden). ... Royal Order of the Seraphim, This is a beautifully crafted miniatrue. The Royal Order of the Seraphim (Swedish: Kungliga Serafimerorden) (Seraphim being a category of Angels) is a Swedish order of chivalry created by King Frederick I on 23 February 1748, together with the Order of the Sword and the Order of the Polar Star. The Seraphim Medal is a gold medal of the 8th size. Former President of South Africa Nelson Mandela was honored with the Royal Order. English: The Swedish Lesser Coat of Arms with Order of Seraphim Svenska: Sveriges riksvapen: Lilla riksvapnet med Serafimerorden This representation of a coat of arms is potentially different from the one used by the armiger (municipality or organisation) in question. Explore connections . Brand New. [6] Queen Christina founded an Order of the Amaranth, although apparently not at her coronation, but it also did not survive her reign. This Order was founded by King Frederick I in 1748. Since the surname Marchiafava is not so common, I can imagine that he was the same officer. Former President of South Africa Nelson Mandela was honored with the Royal Order. SERAPHIN. When a knight of the Order dies, his coat of arms is hung in the former royal burial church Riddarholmskyrkan in Stockholm, and when the funeral takes place the church bells are rung constantly from 12:00 to 13:00, a practice known as the Serafimerringningen. The Royal Order of the Seraphim (Swedish: Kungliga Serafimerorden) (Seraphim being a category of Angels) is a Swedish order of chivalrycreated by King Frederick I on 23 February 1748, together with the Order of the Sword and the Order of the Polar Star. The Order of the Seraphim has only one grade: Knight for men and Member for women. The Order of the Seraphim is a royal Swedish order, and is Sweden's highest award. The Royal Order of the Seraphim (Swedish: Kungliga Serafimerorden; Seraphim being a category of Angels) is a Swedish order of chivalry created by King Frederick I on 23 February 1748, together with the Order of the Sword and the Order of the Polar Star. A Knight of the Order may be styled "Herr" + surname, which used to be the formal style for Swedish secular Knights (untitled high-ranking noblemen) appointed by the Swedish King, a practice that ceased in the 17th Century. To do good to the poor and to protect widows and orphans? If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. The Order has only one Class with the dignity of Knight or Member. Princess Leonore, daughter of Princess Madeleine and Christopher O'Neill, was also conferred the order at her baptism on 8 June 2014.[10]. The Royal Order of the Seraphim (Kungliga Serafimerorden) (Seraphim being a category of Angels) is a Swedish order of chivalry created by King Frederick I on 23 February 1748, together with the Order of the Sword and the Order of the Polar Star. In the Official Gazette of January 1925 I find a Lieutenant Colonel with the same name, receiving the Order of St. Maurice and Lazarus (knight). The tradition of conferring the order upon the baptism of a member of the royal family returned when Princess Estelle, the first-born of Crown Princess Victoria and Prince Daniel, received a miniature Grand Cross of the Order's insignia from her grandfather, King Carl Gustaf at her baptism on 22 May 2012. The current incarnation of the order was established in 1748 by King Fredrik I of Sweden. The Order of the Seraphim is a single-class order which used to be an order of chivalry parallell to the Order of the Garter. Serafimerbaneret - Livrustkammaren ... Orders of Sweden; Seraphim; 1748 establishments in Sweden; Orders of knighthood awarded to heads of state, consorts and sovereign family members; Awards established in 1748 ; Non-topical/index: Uses of Wikidata Infobox; Uses of Wikidata Infobox … Appearance. Associated with the Order was the Seraphim Medal awarded to people who made significant contributions to Swedish charities, especially to the hospitals and mental asylums patronized by the Order. The Badge is surmounted by a golden Royal crown, by which it is fastened to the collar or to a light blue moiré ribbon. Once the Order of the Norwegian Lion was founded, the Order of the Seraphim ceased to be a common supreme order for the countries in the union. The description of some of these chains from the some of pre-Vasa coronations states that they consisted of alternating link of seraphim heads and patriarchal crosses, thus perhaps creating the later impression that there had been an earlier order of the Seraphim of which the 1748 order was seen as a revival. Sweden / Orders / Order of the Seraphim / Royal Order of the Seraphim, Item: EU2500. [7] As part of a reform on orders and decorations, a law was passed in 1974 restricting the conferral of orders to foreign citizens. The initials FRS (Fredericus Rex Sueciae), in are engraved on the reverse of the medallion. The Great Habit was in black and white. In the interval between the nomination and the reception, the newly elected member could only wear the star, but not the cross with the ribbon. The Royal Order of the Seraphim (Swedish Kungliga Serafimerorden) (Seraphim being a category of Angels) is a Swedish Royal order of chivalry created by King Frederick I of Sweden on 23 February 1748, together with the Order of the Sword and the Order of the Polar Star. The Seraphim Medal is a gold medal of the 8th size. The Collar of the Order is alternating blue-enameled patriarchal crosses and seraphim in gold. Free shipping. To honour, defend and preserve the laws and statutes of the Order? To be ready to shed his blood for the Evangelical Lutheran religion and for the welfare of the country? Sale Date(s) 11 Jun 2015 10:30 BST Date Format. Sweden. He carries the cross of the Order of the Seraphim, the shoulder band and the grand brilliant star, the shoulder band of the Order of the Sword, and the brilliant sign of the Knight Commander. Vi använder cookies för att webbplatsen ska fungera bra för dig. The obverse of the medal bears the effigy of King Frederick I with the inscription above FREDERICUS D.G. Instituted: 23 February 1748 by King Frederick I. The new Knight, then thanked His Majesty, kissed his hand, and embraced all his new colleagues, whereupon each of them repeated the words: "May the Lord protect thee!" $22.99. The Order of the Seraphim (in Hebrew for a category of Angels) or the Order of His Majesty the King (Swedish Serafimerorden or Kungl. It was established by King Frederick I on 23 February 1748, together with the Order of the Sword and Order of the Polar Star. It is awarded in only one class – Knight – almost exclusively to members of the Swedish Royal Family and foreign heads of state. Appearance Edit. The king was seated under a canopy to the right of the altar and the Knights assembled occupied benches to the right and the left, while the newly elected Knight was placed before the altar between two senior Knights, who acted, as it were, as sponsors. Artist Allen & Ginter. Gold, silver, enamel According to the legend, the Order was created by King Magnus I in 1280. The Royal Order of the Seraphim is an order from the country of Sweden. Royal Order of the Seraphim, $2,500. [9][8] That year, on her 18th birthday, Crown Princess Victoria became a member of the order. The collar of the Order was worn over the doublets of both habits. Watch; Medieval Royal House Swedish Sweden Order Sword Knight Star Uniform Patch Battle. This is a list of the current Knights (men) and Members (women) of the Swedish order of … The blue-enameled central disc bears the Christi… Until 1975 the sons of the Swedish monarch received a miniature version of the order's insignia at their baptism. Originally established by King Fredrik I in 1748, the Order of the Seraphim is the senior order in Sweden. $99.99. The insignia of the Order are the Collar, Badge and Grand Star. Each new knight or member has their coat of arms, surrounded with the collar or sash of the order, painted on a copper plate. orders. The Order of the Seraphim (in Hebrew for a category of Angels) or the Order of His Majesty the King (Swedish Serafimerorden or Kungl. Sweden has four Official Orders which are State Orders of Sweden. Order of the Seraphim Manufacturer: Carl Friedrich Carlman (?-1889), court jeweler of Swedish royal orders C.F.CARLMAN KONGL/ORDENSJUWELERARE STOCKHOLM 1875. After the hymn, "Come, Holy Spirit", was chanted, the chief preacher of the Court briefly addressed those assembled on the duties of the subjects towards God, the King and the country. Royal Order of the Sword (Medal of the Sword) (dormant) From Lithuania. Mer information. The Seraphim Medal (Swedish language: Serafimermedaljen) is a royal medal of Sweden.Established in 1748, it is awarded by the King of Sweden for service that benefits society or service of a humanitarian nature.. Medieval Kingdom Sweden Swedish King Royal Knight Order Seraphim Motto Banner EU. The cloak is also decorated with the Seraphim grand star. The Seraphim Medal (Swedish: Serafimermedaljen) is a royal medal of Sweden. The insignia of the Order are the Collar, Badge and Grand Star. "www.ordersandmedals.net/Sweden/Seraphim/S209.htm". Get premium, high resolution news photos at Getty Images On the death of a Knight or Member of the Order, his (her) coat of arms, designed in accordance with the above, will be mounted in Riddarholmen Church on the occasion of the funeral of the deceased Knight or Member. It is conferred exclusively upon members of the Swedish Royal Family, as well as foreign heads of state. The King then took from the Treasurer the chain of the Order, hung it round the neck of the new knight and, dubbed him with the coronation sword, saying: "We, N., King of the Swedes, the Goths and the Wends, receive thee as are brave and honourable Swedish and Gothic Knight of our Order of the Seraphim. Buy It Now. They were called the Great Habit and the Lesser Habit. Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden : Member with Collar of the Royal Order of the Seraphim (14 July 1995) Prince Daniel, Duke of Västergötland : Knight of the Royal Order of the Seraphim (19/06/2010) Princess Estelle, Duchess of Östergötland : Knight of the Royal Order of the Seraphim … The establishment of a new Norwegian order aroused debate in political circles. Patriarch Kirill of Moscow and all Russia awards Sakhalin Region Governor Oleg Kozhemyako with the Order of St Seraphim of Sarov after the... Order of the Seraphim, Sweden, from … decoration of the order of seraphim - order of the seraphim stock illustrations. When a Knight of the Seraphim dies, the date of death is added to the coat of arms before being taken to the Riddarholm Church. Grades: 1 (Knight or Member), plus the Seraphim Medal. Grades: 1 (Knight or Member), plus the Seraphim Medal. History. The ceremony. Awarded: For services to the Sovereign and the country, or to foreign heads of state. Wed, Jan 30, 2019, 6:19 PM. Seraphim Toll for Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, Prince Carl Philip and Princess Sofia are expecting a child, The Crown Princess attends a meeting about the Sustainable Ocean Plan. Rosette of the order. The Royal Order of the Seraphim (Swedish: Kungliga Serafimerorden) (Seraphim being a category of Angels) is a Swedish order of chivalry created by King Frederick I on 23 February 1748, together with the Order of the Sword and the Order of the Polar Star. The obverse I. e., the front seraph faces the beholder, those immediately on either side are turned slightly towards him; the next three seraphim on either side repeat this patter, while the two remaining seraphim on the back are turned towards each other. eMedals proudly ships worldwide, see our shipping information. It is awarded to Swedish and foreign citizens for special merits as well as to officials at the royal court. 29 juil. Learn how and when to remove this template message, List of Knights of the Royal Order of the Seraphim, List of current Knights of the Royal Order of the Seraphim, Orders, decorations, and medals of Sweden, http://www.ordersandmedals.net/Sweden/Seraphim/S207.htm, "www.ordersandmedals.net/Sweden/Seraphim/S209.htm", http://www.ordersandmedals.net/Sweden/Seraphim/S206.htm, For Zealous and Devoted Service of the Realm, For Courage and Fierceness at Sea during Perilous Time, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal_Order_of_the_Seraphim&oldid=996275296, Articles with dead external links from June 2020, Articles to be expanded from September 2017, Articles needing translation from Swedish Wikipedia, Articles containing Swedish-language text, Articles needing additional references from August 2012, All articles needing additional references, Articles with Swedish-language sources (sv), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Knight/Member (of the Cloth) (general: RSerafO/LSerafO, Swedes: RoKavKMO/LoKavKMO). It is the highest decoration awarded in Sweden. The obverse of the medal bears the effigy of King Frederick I with the inscription above FREDERICUS D.G. Nowadays it is conferred exclusively on members of the Swedish Royal Family and on foreign heads of state or other persons of comparable rank. Brand New. Prince Carl Philip and Princess Madeline likewise became a knight/member of the order on their 18th birthday. [5] Charles IX bestowed the Royal Order of Jehova or Jehova Order at his coronation in 1606—perhaps as Calvinist alternative or reaction to the Catholic devotion to the Name of Jesus implied in his brother's coronation order. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for SWEDEN STAR OF THE ROYAL ORDER OF THE SERAPHIM antique crown design at the best online prices at eBay! I would like to know for … Watch; Medieval Royal House Swedish Sweden Order Sword Knight Star Uniform Patch Battle. 0% Buyer's Premium. The Royal Order of the Seraphim (Swedish: Kungliga Serafimerorden; Seraphim being a category of angels) is a Swedish order of chivalry created by King Frederick I on 23 February 1748, together with the Order of the Sword and the Order of the Polar Star. The Order of the Seraphim. This medal consisted a gold coin-like representation of the bust of the Order's founder, King Frederick I, beneath a royal crown hanging by eight small chains from a suspension bar ornamented with a design of acanthus leaves. Ribbon: Pale blue. Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden : Member with Collar of the Royal Order of the Seraphim (14 July 1995) Prince Daniel, Duke of Västergötland : Knight of the Royal Order of the Seraphim (19/06/2010) Princess Estelle, Duchess of Östergötland : Knight of the Royal Order of the Seraphim … The Royal Order of the Seraphim is an order from the country of Sweden. The bells are tolled at Riddarholmen Church on the occasion of the funeral of a deceased Knight or Member. Appearance Edit. Because of these previous orders the first set of statutes described the Order as "revived". The French Order of the Holy Spirit may have inspired the idea of placing the earlier medallion of the Name of Jesus in the center of a white enameled Maltese cross with gold Seraphim heads between the arms of this cross guarding this medallion with their wings, just as the French order bore the white dove of the Holy Spirit surrounded by green flames on similar white Maltese cross. The announcement of the order declared that it was a revival of an older order of chivalry using the same name, but to my knowledge, there's never been a clear connection to any earlier order of Swedish chivalry called the "Order of the Seraphim," so that may have simply been a way to try to assert the order's … The order can be given to any Swedish citizen or any citizen from any country. Since 1975 it is the next highest award, after the Seraphim Medal, that can be awarded to Swedish citizens because the Royal Order of the Seraphim is only for the royal family. The obverse of the medal bears the effigy of King Frederick I with the inscription above FREDERICUS D.G. Ribbon: Pale blue. Lesser Habit worn by Count Carl Axel Trolle Wachtmeister. The Order of the Seraphim was instituted by King Fredrik I in 1748. [2] Appearance. The Badge of the Order is a gilt Maltese Cross, in white-enamel, with a patriarchal cross on the arms of the cross, and seraphim between them. Watch; The Order … Sweden: The Most Noble Order of the Seraphim Serafimerorden. The Collar of the Order is alternating blue-enameled patriarchal crosses and seraphim in gold. $161. The Order of the Seraphim or the Order of His Majesty the King, is the most outstanding distinction in Sweden. The Seraphim Toll takes usually place at 12:00 and 13:00 at the Riddarholmen Church, on the same day that the funeral service is held for Seraphim Knight. The Badge consists of a white Maltese cross set in gold, in the centre of which is a blue medallion bearing the monogram of Christ "IHS" (Jesus Hominum Salvator - Jesus the Saviour of Mankind). $85.00. To assist, by his courage, to sustain the ancient glory of the Swedish Name? Currency Converter. For an English parallel see Order of the Bath in Sir Ivan De la Bere (1964). The Royal Order of the Seraphim, also known as “the Blue Ribbon” – is the highest order of chivalry in Sweden, equivalent to the English Order of the Garter. Until 1975 the Princes of the Swedish Royal Family received a miniature version of the Order at their baptism. Sweden / Orders / Order of the Seraphim / Royal Order of the Seraphim, Item: EU2500. The Orders, decorations, and medals of Sweden have a historical basis, reaching back to the 1606 founding of the extinct Jehova Order.The Royal Order of Knights of Sweden were only truly codified in the 18th century, with their formal foundation in 1748 by Frederick I of Sweden.Significant reforms in 1974 changed the conditions and criteria under which many orders and decorations could be awarded. The insignia of the Order are the Collar, Badge and Grand Star. The Seraphim Medal is a gold medal of the 8th size. A Knight or Member should submit proposals regarding his Seraphim arms and a motto to the armorial painter to the Royal Orders. This medieval custom survived into the period of the Vasa dynasty as well, for Eric XIV is known to have bestowed the Order of the Saviour at his coronation in 1561. To watch over the honours and privileges now granted to him? The standing knee high portrait of King Gustav III shows him in his red Lesser Seraphim velvet dress. Sweden, Kingdom, Order of the Seraphim, 28mm including crown suspension x 17mm, gold, silver-gilt and enamel, nearly extremely fine and rare.
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