factors that influence the effectiveness of chemical sanitation

We're here to answer any questions you have about our services. This looseness of stool which can vary all the way from slightly soft to watery is caused by increased water in the stool. A complete data on the top ten diseases prevalent in the district is attached as Appendix D but below is a selection of the illnesses that directly result from bad water and sanitation practices. Generally, several factors influence the antimicrobial activity of biocides, such as the temperature, time of exposure, amount of organic … These factors, which include the condition of surface water and soil conditions of the coastal areas, have a direct bearing on the options for sanitary means of disposing of human waste for the community. To assess the quality of stored household drinking water. For example, heat, chemical agents, or radiation are all … According to USAID, for further progress to be made in the fight against diarrhoea, the concentration will need to include prevention, especially in child health programs. Other development partners complimenting the efforts of the central government include NGO’s WACAM, Care International and Friends of the Nation (FON). Although the health care system has dealt comprehensively with the symptoms of diarrhoea, it has done insufficiently to bring down the overall incidence of the disease. To export a reference to this article please select a referencing stye below: If you are the original writer of this dissertation and no longer wish to have your work published on the UKDiss.com website then please: Our academic writing and marking services can help you! The reason is that the faeces from young people are allegedly free from pathogens and less offensive (Drangert, 2004). 12th Dec 2019 2. If boiling water is not possible, a combination of filtration and chemical disinfection is the most effective pathogen reduction method in drinking water for backcountry or travel use. In fact, according to the World Health Organization (WHO, 2004), an estimated 90% of all incidence of diarrhoea among infants can be blamed on inadequate sanitation and unclean water. Also, a total of 44 modern style public water closets, were constructed in their catchment areas. Discuss heat and chemical sanitizing methods and materials. The three factors that. Access to safe sanitation, improved water and improved waste disposal systems is more of an urban than rural occurrence. The Wassa West District in the Western Region is home to six large scale mining companies and hundreds of small scale and illegal mining units. This suggests that greater investment in sanitation is not required for improved facility cleanliness and pest management effectiveness. 5.2 Chemical disinfection methods. There is no relationship between households’ background factors and the sanitation conditions of the household. This study employs the world health organization (WHO) and the Ghana standards board (GSB) “standards” and “guidelines” in determining the quality of water. Diarrhoea can be defined in absolute or relative terms based on either the rate of recurrence of bowel movements or the constancy (or looseness) of stools (Kendall, 1996). To identify and recommend good intervention methods to eliminate or reduce the outbreak of diseases and improve sanitation. This research assessed people’s practice of personal hygiene in Bogoso and surrounding villages. These include cholera, typhoid, amoebic and bacillary dysentery and other diarrhoeal diseases. The principal factors that influence disinfection efficiency are disinfectant concentration, contact time, temperature and pH. The second element of the hardware component, toilet facilities, involves providing facilities to dispose off human excreta in ways that safeguard the environment and public health, characteristically in the form of numerous kinds of latrines, septic tanks, and water-borne toilets. Access to waste disposal systems, their regular, consistent and hygienic use and adoption of other hygienic behavioural practices that block the transmission of diseases are the most important factors. This thesis examines the socio-cultural and demographic factors influencing sanitation conditions in Ghana, identifies the presence of Escherichia coli in household drinking water samples and investigates prevalence of diarrhoea among infants. Sanitation can best be defined as the way of collecting and disposing of excreta and community liquid waste in a germ-free way so as not to risk the health of persons or the community as a whole (WEDC, 1998). The troubles of scarce water and safe sanitation provisions in developing countries have previously been dealt with by researchers for quite some time. 2. Investment in sanitation did not predict management success. The Wassa West District of Ghana has seen an improvement in water and sanitation facilities during the last decade. This study aimed to identify the most effective ways to improve hygiene, sanitation, and access to water for better trachoma control, and to find better ways of monitoring progress. Data collected was analysed using SPSS and the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Value(R) technique. It is approximated that 90% of all cases of diarrhoea can be attributed to three major causes: insufficient sanitation, inadequate hygiene, and contaminated water (WHO 1997). VAT Registration No: 842417633. The phenol coefficient quantitatively compares the effectiveness of a chemical to that of alcohol. Depending on these factors, 100% effectiveness may not be achieved. Furthermore, increasing number of young children present increased the odds of female head/spouse being the household water collector. Relationships between household’s socio cultural demographic factors and people’s behaviour with respect to the practice of hygiene could prove an essential lead to the solution of the problem. Selectivity of the sanitizer - certain sanitizers are non-selective in their ability to destroy a wide variety of microorganisms while others demonstrate a degree of selectivity. It is based on questionnaire interviews of 120 household heads and 77 caretakers of young children below the age of 5years, direct observation of clues of household sanitation practice as well as analyses of household water samples in six surrounding communities in Bogoso. The relationship between household socio cultural factors and the sanitation conditions of households in the Wassa West District especially the Bogoso Rural Council area has not been systematically documented or there is inadequate research that investigates such relationship. Like the Ghana Standards, no E.coli or thermotolerant bacteria should be detected in a 100 ml sample of drinking water. Registered office: Venture House, Cross Street, Arnold, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, NG5 7PJ. However, Remco has added two other key factors that can influence the efficacy of a sanitation program: employees and resources. No plagiarism, guaranteed! The Ghana Standards specify 5 TCU or 5 Hazen units for colour after filtration. Bioassay results suggested an equal level of effectiveness of fumigation for both facilities, but monitoring data suggested that the cleaner facility (Facility A) had slower pest population rebound rates than the less-clean facility (Facility B). A critical constituent of successful prevention efforts is an effective monitoring and appraisal strategy. Why is the prevalence of malaria and diarrhea diseases so high in the district? For example, women are hardly seen urinating in public due to a perceived shame in the act but men can be left alone if found doing it. For ‘poor water supply, sanitation and personal and domestic hygiene’, one of the 10 risk factors considered, the 1990 GBD Study commissioned a review by Huttly et al. According to the social learning theory, behavioural processes are directly acquired by the continually dynamic interplay between the individual and its social environment (Mc Connell, 1982). On the contrary, sanitation deteriorated with overcrowding in the household. For example, the activity of most disinfectants increases as the temperature increases, but some exceptions exist. Specifically, factors such as age, gender, township status and ethnicity, which are basic to demography, can play a role in the quality of life especially of the elderly. Since the 1960’s the GWSC has focussed chiefly on urban areas at the peril of rural areas and thus, rural communities in the Wassa West District are no exception. The second approach, increasing host resistance to diarrhoea, has also had some victory with the enhancement of a child’s nutritional status and vaccination against measles, a familiar cause of diarrhoea. Furthermore, if current improvements are to be sustained, then more attention needs to be given to the “F” and “E” elements and effective prevention. 140Of but below 180oF that drinking water is 6.5 to 8.5 ( GS 175-Part1:1998 ) that... Spss and the sanitation practice of personal hygiene in Bogoso and surrounding villages water households... 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