SECTION 3. In no case shall any Member be appointed or designated in a temporary or acting capacity. ; G.R. SECTION 2. (1) The Congress, by a vote of two-thirds of both Houses in joint session assembled, voting separately, shall have the sole power to declare the existence of a state of war. (4) Direct the officer concerned, in any appropriate case, and subject to such limitations as may be provided by law, to furnish it with copies of documents relating to contracts or transactions entered into by his office involving the disbursement or use of public funds or properties, and report any irregularity to the Commission on Audit for appropriate action. The right of the people and their organizations to effective and reasonable participation at all levels of social, political, and economic decision-making shall not be abridged. In such agreements, the State shall promote the development and use of local scientific and technical resources. If the purpose for which a special fund was created has been fulfilled or abandoned, the balance, if any, shall be transferred to the general funds of the Government. SECTION 2. The promotion of social justice shall include the commitment to create economic opportunities based on freedom of initiative and self-reliance. (2) No public money or property shall be appropriated, applied, paid, or employed, directly or indirectly, for the use, benefit, or support of any sect, church, denomination, sectarian institution, or system of religion, or of any priest, preacher, minister, or other religious teacher, or dignitary as such, except when such priest, preacher, minister, or dignitary is assigned to the armed forces, or to any penal institution, or government orphanage or leprosarium. Constitution Day in the Philippines Date in the current year: February 2, 2021 Every country has it's own Constitution Day. (3) Direct the officer concerned to take appropriate action against a public official or employee at fault, and recommend his removal, suspension, demotion, fine, censure, or prosecution, and ensure compliance therewith. It shall support indigenous, appropriate, and self-reliant scientific and technological capabilities, and their application to the country’s productive systems and national life. Such temporary assignment shall not exceed six months without the consent of the judge concerned. Public officers and employees must at all times be accountable to the people, serve them with utmost responsibility, integrity, loyalty, and efficiency, act with patriotism and justice, and lead modest lives. Voluntary renunciation of the office for any length of time shall not be considered as an interruption in the continuity of his service for the full term for which he was elected. It shall include the election of all Members of the city or municipal councils in the Metropolitan Manila area. The State shall regulate and exercise authority over foreign investments within its national jurisdiction and in accordance with its national goals and priorities. SECTION 2. The Supreme Court shall have the following powers: (1) Exercise original jurisdiction over cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, and over petitions for certiorari, prohibition, mandamus, quo warranto, and habeas corpus. There is hereby created the independent Office of the Ombudsman, composed of the Ombudsman to be known as Tanodbayan, one overall Deputy and at least one Deputy each for Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. SECTION 4. SECTION 26. Thereafter, such forest lands and national parks shall be conserved and may not be increased nor diminished, except by law. SECTION 3. (d) All criminal cases in which the penalty imposed is reclusion perpetua or higher. SECTION 5. SECTION 1. When the required number is not obtained, the case shall be decided en banc: Provided, that no doctrine or principle of law laid down by the court in a decision rendered en banc or in division may be modified or reversed except by the court sitting en banc. A new constitution must also consider the future. (3) Professionalism in the armed forces and adequate remuneration and benefits of its members shall be a prime concern of the State. SECTION 1. The records and books of accounts of the Congress shall be preserved and be open to the public in accordance with law, and such books shall be audited by the Commission on Audit which shall publish annually an itemized list of amounts paid to and expenses incurred for each Member. (4) No member of the armed forces in the active service shall, at any time, be appointed or designated in any capacity to a civilian position in the Government including government-owned or controlled corporations or any of their subsidiaries. However, where the internal control system of the audited agencies is inadequate, the Commission may adopt such measures, including temporary or special pre-audit, as are necessary and appropriate to correct the deficiencies. All properties, records, equipment, buildings, facilities, and other assets of any office or body abolished or reorganized under Proclamation No. The State recognizes the sanctity of family life and shall protect and strengthen the family as a basic autonomous social institution. (1) Every bill passed by the Congress shall, before it becomes a law, be presented to the President. The State shall provide the policy environment for the full development of Filipino capability and the emergence of communication structures suitable to the needs and aspirations of the nation and the balanced flow of information into, out of, and across the country, in accordance with a policy that respects the freedom of speech and of the press. The judicial power shall be vested in one Supreme Court and in such lower courts as may be established by law. The President shall address the Congress at the opening of its regular session. The prime reasons why: corporate dummies during the Commonwealth (hence the Anti-Dummy Law), and then the likes of Harry Stonehill who tried to manipulate national policy and … In 2008, senator Aquilino Pimentel Jr. proposed Joint Resolution No. SECTION 6. SECTION 7. Except in cases of impeachment, or as otherwise provided in this Constitution, the President may grant reprieves, commutations and pardons, and remit fines and forfeitures, after conviction by final judgment. No province, city, municipality, or barangay may be created, divided, merged, abolished, or its boundary substantially altered, except in accordance with the criteria established in the Local Government Code and subject to approval by a majority of the votes cast in a plebiscite in the political units directly affected. Whenever the President transmits to the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives his written declaration that he is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, and until he transmits to them a written declaration to the contrary, such powers and duties shall be discharged by the Vice-President as Acting President. SECTION 23. This Constitution shall be promulgated in Filipino and English and shall be translated into major regional languages, Arabic, and Spanish. (2) Direct, upon complaint or at its own instance, any public official or employee of the Government, or any subdivision, agency or instrumentality thereof, as well as of any government-owned or controlled corporation with original charter, to perform and expedite any act or duty required by law, or to stop, prevent, and correct any abuse or impropriety in the performance of duties. During the suspension of the privilege of the writ, any person thus arrested or detained shall be judicially charged within three days, otherwise he shall be released. SECTION 11. The State recognizes and promotes the rights of indigenous cultural communities within the framework of national unity and development. SECTION 7. The State values the dignity of every human person and guarantees full respect for human rights. (1) No person shall be held to answer for a criminal offense without due process of law. The President shall provide for regional development councils or other similar bodies composed of local government officials, regional heads of departments and other government offices, and representatives from non-governmental organizations within the regions for purposes of administrative decentralization to strengthen the autonomy of the units therein and to accelerate the economic and social growth and development of the units in the region. The Congress shall enact measures that will encourage the formation and operation of enterprises whose capital is wholly owned by Filipinos. The Legislative power is exercised by the Congress of the Philippines which comprise of two chambers, namely the House of Representatives which is the lower chamber and the Senate which is the upper chamber. The right of the State to recover properties unlawfully acquired by public officials or employees, from them or from their nominees or transferees, shall not be barred by prescription, laches, or estoppel. FAST FACTS: 1987 Philippine Constitution. No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law, nor shall any person be denied the equal protection of the laws. The voters of component cities within a province, whose charters contain no such prohibition, shall not be deprived of their right to vote for elective provincial officials. SECTION 8. All Members of the Senate and the House of Representatives shall, upon assumption of office, make a full disclosure of their financial and business interests. SECTION 13. (4) The right of families or family associations to participate in the planning and implementation of policies and programs that affect them. However, in the national interest, as certified by the President, the Congress may extend said period. No resettlement of urban or rural dwellers shall be undertaken without adequate consultation with them and the communities where they are to be relocated. The waters around, between, and connecting the islands of the archipelago, regardless of their breadth and dimensions, form part of the internal waters of the Philippines. No candidate who has lost in any election shall, within one year after such election, be appointed to any office in the Government or any government-owned or controlled corporations or in any of their subsidiaries. Government-owned or controlled corporations may be created or established by special charters in the interest of the common good and subject to the test of economic viability. SECTION 3. SECTION 14. (2) All cases involving the constitutionality of a treaty, international or executive agreement, or law, which shall be heard by the Supreme Court en banc, and all other cases which under the Rules of Court are required to be heard en banc, including those involving the constitutionality, application, or operation of presidential decrees, proclamations, orders, instructions, ordinances, and other regulations, shall be decided with the concurrence of a majority of the Members who actually took part in the deliberations on the issues in the case and voted thereon. All persons, except those charged with offenses punishable by reclusion perpetua when evidence of guilt is strong, shall, before conviction, be bailable by sufficient sureties, or be released on recognizance as may be provided by law. To institutionalize the Mandanas Ruling (Mandanas et al. SECTION 5. The provisions of paragraphs (3) and (4), Section 15 of Article VIII of this Constitution shall apply to cases or matters filed before the ratification of this Constitution, when the applicable period lapses after such ratification. The current Philippines constitution has many essential provisions, including declaring the country a democratic state, youths and women's functions in the development of the … SECTION 20. (1) The Senate shall elect its President and the House of Representatives its Speaker, by a majority vote of all its respective Members. The Constitutional Commissions, which shall be independent, are the Civil Service Commission, the Commission on Elections, and the Commission on Audit. No transfer or disposition of such lands or real rights shall be allowed until after the lapse of one year from the ratification of this Constitution. SECTION 13. SECTION 19. The Supreme Court shall provide in its annual budget the appropriations for the Council. It was ratified on February 2, 1987 by a plebiscite. SECTION 27. The Congress may provide for other cases of violations of human rights that should fall within the authority of the Commission, taking into account its recommendations. The system called for a President to be elected at large for a 4-year term (subject to one re-election), a bicameral Congress, and an independent Judiciary. The participation of foreign investors in the governing body of entities in such industry shall be limited to their proportionate share in the capital thereof, and all the executive and managing officers of such entities must be citizens of the Philippines. The rights of persons appearing in or affected by such inquiries shall be respected. SECTION 22. In fact, one such anti-dynasty bill stayed stuck at the Congress’ committee level for almost three decades befor… SECTION 8. ARTICLE XIV Education, Science and Technology, Arts, Culture & Sports SECTION 29. The authority of local executives over the police units in their jurisdiction shall be provided by law. (3) Decide, except those involving the right to vote, all questions affecting elections, including determination of the number and location of polling places, appointment of election officials and inspectors, and registration of voters. 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