Additionally, there were a total of 57,792 Reservists and Guardsman in California. These services are the busiest intercity rail lines in the United States outside the Northeast Corridor and ridership is continuing to set records. At about 10,500 feet (3,200 m), begins the Arctic zone, a treeless region whose flora include a number of wildflowers, including Sierra primrose, yellow columbine, alpine buttercup, and alpine shooting star. Most small cities have a council–manager form of government, where the elected city council appoints a city manager to supervise the operations of the city. Know ye that at the right hand of the Indies there is an island called California, very close to that part of the Terrestrial Paradise, which was inhabited by black women without a single man among them, and they lived in the manner of Amazons. In the middle of the state lies the California Central Valley, bounded by the Sierra Nevada in the east, the coastal mountain ranges in the west, the Cascade Range to the north and by the Tehachapi Mountains in the south. The current speaker of the House of Representatives is the representative of California's 12th district, Nancy Pelosi;[278] Kevin McCarthy, representing the state's 23rd district, is the House Minority Leader. The population burgeoned with United States citizens, Europeans, Chinese and other immigrants during the great California Gold Rush. California is known for its car culture, giving California's cities a reputation for severe traffic congestion. Endangered animals include the San Joaquin kitfox, Point Arena mountain beaver, Pacific pocket mouse, salt marsh harvest mouse, Morro Bay kangaroo rat (and five other species of kangaroo rat), Amargosa vole, California least tern, California condor, loggerhead shrike, San Clemente sage sparrow, San Francisco garter snake, five species of salamander, three species of chub, and two species of pupfish. Tire Service Center. All four, plus the two major Spanish-language networks (Telemundo and Univision) each have at least two owned-and-operated TV stations in California, one in Los Angeles and one in the San Francisco Bay Area. The breakdown of other religions is 1% Muslim, 2% Hindu and 2% Buddhist. The cool California Current offshore often creates summer fog near the coast. The great thirst: Californians and water. Among the political idiosyncrasies and trendsetting, California was the second state to recall their state governor, the second state to legalize abortion, and the only state to ban marriage for gay couples twice by vote (including Proposition 8 in 2008). [257] Water use and conservation in California is a politically divisive issue, as the state experiences periodic droughts and has to balance the demands of its large agricultural and urban sectors, especially in the arid southern portion of the state. ", "The Trouble With Electricity Markets: Understanding California's Restructuring Disaster", "Figures Show California's Motoring Supremacy", "The Dried-Up Heart of California's Water Dilemma", "World Meteorological Organization Assessment of the Purported World Record 58, "World Meteorological Organization World Weather / Climate Extremes Archive", "Weather Data: California, Boca, 1937, January", "Checklist of the Scarabaeoidea of the Nearctic Realm", "Life Zones of the Central Sierra Nevada", "Quail Ridge Reserve: UC Davis Natural Reserve System", "California's Endangered Insects—Formally Listed Insects", "Threatened and Endangered Invertebrates", "U.S. ", "Report Says Public Schools in California Are 'Broken'—New York Times", "85,000 students seek admission to Berkeley's 2017–18 freshman class", "UCLA breaks several records with 2017 freshman applications", "Rising number of rejections raises fears that Long Beach is becoming 'elite' university", "California's Sister State Relationships | Senate Office of International Relations", "GDP by State—U.S. The City and County of San Francisco is both the country's second most densely populated major city after New York City and the fifth-most-densely populated county, behind only four of the five New York City boroughs. California is also home to two major nuclear power plants: Diablo Canyon and San Onofre, the latter having been shut down in 2013. [237], As a result of the state's strong environmental movement, California has some of the most aggressive renewable energy goals in the United States, with a target for California to obtain a third of its electricity from renewables by 2020. This includes the relatively cool summers of the Humboldt Bay region around Eureka, the extreme heat of Death Valley, and the mountain climate of Mammoth in the Sierra Nevada. [248] The Arroyo Seco Parkway, connecting Los Angeles and Pasadena, opened in 1940 as the first freeway in the Western United States. Product Limitations: Limitations are in force at the moment – it may vary from store to store by product. [220] Per capita income varies widely by geographic region and profession. Senators serve four-year terms and Assembly members two. [3][4][5] The range embraces Yosemite Valley, famous for its glacially carved domes, and Sequoia National Park, home to the giant sequoia trees, the largest living organisms on Earth, and the deep freshwater lake, Lake Tahoe, the largest lake in the state by volume. [138] General-law municipalities owe their existence to state law and are consequently governed by it; charter municipalities are governed by their own city or town charters. [citation needed] As a result, the rise of California was a calamity for the native inhabitants. Take A Sneak Peak At The Movies Coming Out This Week (8/12) JoJo Siwa ‘super-duper happy’ after coming out as queer In 1846, a group of American settlers in and around Sonoma rebelled against Mexican rule during the Bear Flag Revolt. [8] The population is projected to reach forty million by 2020 and fifty million by 2060. 22423 Jeux Gratuits pour Mobile, Tablette et Smart TV [114] As of September 2010[update], 123 California animals were listed as either endangered or threatened on the federal list. [25][26] The San Francisco Bay Area and the Greater Los Angeles Area are widely seen as centers of the global technology and entertainment industries, respectively. [7] The horizontal distance from the bottom of Death Valley to the top of Mount Whitney is less than 90 miles (140 km). We'd love to hear from you! Because it is the most populous state in the United States, California is one of the country's largest users of energy. Universal Music Group, one of the "Big Four" record labels, is based in Santa Monica. California has also experienced disputes over water rights; and a tax revolt, culminating with the passage of Proposition 13 in 1978, limiting state property taxes. After failing to obtain justice against squatters on his land from the Mexican courts, he determined that California should become part of the United States. Use our Contact page or send us one of those Tweeter thingies. Furthermore, commuter rail networks serve the San Francisco Bay Area (ACE, BART, Caltrain, SMART), Greater Los Angeles (Metrolink), and San Diego County (Coaster). As one ascends into the Hudsonian zone, birds become scarcer. [186], California has nineteen major professional sports league franchises, far more than any other state. From 1952 through 1988, California was a Republican leaning state, with the party carrying the state's electoral votes in nine of ten elections, with 1964 as the exception. In the 1992 U.S. Senate election, California became the first state to elect a Senate delegation entirely composed of women, due to the victories of Feinstein and Barbara Boxer. California has a total of 290,821 acres (1,176.91 km2) of National Wildlife Refuges. We share your love of everything Costco so we are sharing these deals with you, our fellow Costco fanatics. [152][150] With Asia contributing most of California's new immigrants, California had the highest concentration nationwide of Vietnamese and Chinese speakers, the second highest concentration of Korean, and the third highest concentration of Tagalog speakers. [218] According to the USDA in 2011, the three largest California agricultural products by value were milk and cream, shelled almonds, and grapes.[219]. [129] During this time period, international migration produced a net increase of 1,816,633 people while domestic migration produced a net decrease of 1,509,708, resulting in a net in-migration of 306,925 people. [232] On June 27, 2013, Governor Jerry Brown signed a balanced budget (no deficit) for the state, its first in decades; however the state's debt remains at $132 billion. Two prominent California landmarks representing the state's mass media and entertainment: the. These huge ranchos or cattle ranches emerged as the dominant institutions of Mexican California. California manufactured 8.7 percent of total United States military armaments produced during World War II, ranking third (behind New York and Michigan) among the 48 states. [51] The establishment of the Spanish systems of government and social structure, which the Spanish settlers had brought with them, also technologically and culturally overwhelmed the societies of the earlier indigenous peoples. [184] According to the Association of Religion Data Archives (ARDA) the largest denominations by adherents in 2010 were the Roman Catholic Church with 10,233,334; The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints with 763,818; and the Southern Baptist Convention with 489,953.[185]. In 1846, the total settler population of the western part of the old Alta California had been estimated to be no more than 8,000, plus about 100,000 Native Americans, down from about 300,000 before Hispanic settlement in 1769.[70]. [189], In 2016, California's K–12 public school per-pupil spending was ranked 22nd in the nation ($11,500 per student vs. $11,800 for the U.S. In output, the five largest sectors are financial services, followed by trade, transportation, and utilities; education and health services; government; and manufacturing. [87] Just before the Dot Com Bust, California had the fifth-largest economy in the world among nations. The high-technology sectors in Northern California, specifically Silicon Valley, in Santa Clara and San Mateo counties, have emerged from the economic downturn caused by the dot-com bust. Required fields are marked *. Marsh conducted a letter-writing campaign espousing the California climate, the soil, and other reasons to settle there, as well as the best route to follow, which became known as "Marsh's route". [212] As of May 2020[update], California has an unemployment rate of 16.3%. Squaw Valley Ski Resort in the Lake Tahoe region hosted the 1960 Winter Olympics. Conversely, San Francisco, with nearly one-quarter the population density of Manhattan, is the most densely populated city in California and one of the most densely populated cities in the United States. More than 1,700 tons of radioactive waste are stored at San Onofre,[241] which sits in an area where there is a record of past tsunamis. Verkäufer aus dem Ausland können Ihnen Artikel regulär über einen internationalen Versandservice zuschicken. The California High-Speed Rail Authority was created in 1996 by the state to implement an extensive 800-mile (1,300 km) rail system. The routes are becoming increasingly popular over flying, especially on the LAX-SFO route. The administration of the state's court system is controlled by the Judicial Council, composed of the chief justice of the California Supreme Court, 14 judicial officers, four representatives from the State Bar of California, and one member from each house of the state legislature. [80][81][82][83] After World War II, California's economy greatly expanded due to strong aerospace and defense industries,[84] whose size decreased following the end of the Cold War. Justices of the Supreme Court and Courts of Appeal are appointed by the governor, but are subject to retention by the electorate every 12 years. [69], Following the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (February 2, 1848) that ended the war, the westernmost portion of the annexed Mexican territory of Alta California soon became the American state of California, and the remainder of the old territory was then subdivided into the new American Territories of Arizona, Nevada, Colorado and Utah. Hint: It's a big number", "SAGDP2N Gross domestic product (GDP) by state", "5. The upper Sonoran zone includes the chaparral belt, characterized by forests of small shrubs, stunted trees, and herbaceous plants. [86] As a result of these efforts, California is regarded as a world center of the entertainment and music industries, of technology, engineering, and the aerospace industry, and as the United States center of agricultural production. This revolt by American settlers served as a prelude to the later American military invasion of California and was closely coordinated with nearby American military commanders. Bei eBay finden Sie Artikel aus der ganzen Welt. [133][134] The Greater Los Angeles Area is the 2nd-largest metropolitan area in the United States, after the New York metropolitan area, while Los Angeles, with nearly half the population of New York City, is the second-largest city in the United States. The Mojave River is the primary watercourse in the Mojave Desert, and the Santa Ana River drains much of the Transverse Ranges as it bisects Southern California. [159][160], According to the United States Census Bureau in 2018 the population self-identifies as (alone or in combination):[161], By ethnicity, in 2018 the population was 60.7% non-Hispanic (of any race) and 39.3% Hispanic or Latino (of any race). From left to right: The coordinates of the center of population are at, The following are a list of the indigenous languages: Root languages of California: Athabaskan Family: Hupa, Mattole, Lassik, Wailaki, Sinkyone, Cahto, Tolowa, Nongatl, Wiyot, Chilula; Hokan Family: Pomo, Shasta, Karok, Chimiriko; Algonquian Family: Whilkut, Yurok; Yukian Family: Wappo; Penutian Family: Modok, Wintu, Nomlaki, Konkow, Maidu, Patwin, Nisenan, Miwok, Coast Miwok, Lake Miwok, Ohlone, Northern Valley Yokuts, Southern Valley Yokuts, Foothill Yokuts; Hokan Family: Esselen, Salinan, Chumash, Ipai, Tipai, Yuma, Halchichoma, Mohave; Uto-Aztecan Family: Mono Paiute, Monache, Owens Valley Paiute, Tubatulabal, Panamint Shoshone, Kawaisu, Kitanemuk, Tataviam, Gabrielino, Juaneno, Luiseno, Cuipeno, Cahuilla, Serrano, Chemehuevi. Those unaffiliated with any religion represented 27 percent of the population. Shop Costco.com for electronics, computers, furniture, outdoor living, appliances, jewelry and more. [296] Of the people registered, the three largest registered groups were Democrats (7,966,422), Republicans (5,356,608), and Decline to State (3,820,545). The Channel Islands are located off the Southern coast, while the Farallon Islands lie west of San Francisco. [247], The state has been a pioneer in road construction. [230] California has the third highest per capita spending on welfare among the states, as well as the highest spending on welfare at $6.67 billion. [209] California's economy is larger than Africa and Australia and is almost as large as South America. [275] California school districts may be organized as elementary districts, high school districts, unified school districts combining elementary and high school grades, or community college districts.[275]. During the American Civil War (1861–1865), California sent gold shipments eastwards to Washington in support of the Union. All sales will be made at the price posted on the pumps at each Costco location at the time of purchase. Brown proudly signs balanced state budget, "California's current debt load: $132 billion", "California Proposition 30, Sales and Income Tax Increase (2012)", "In Energy Conservation, Calif. Sees Light", "California—U.S. [285] As of 2010[update], there were 1,942,775 veterans living in California, of which 1,457,875 served during a period of armed conflict, and just over four thousand served before World War II (the largest population of this group of any state).[286]. ", "Study Ranks America's Most Liberal and Conservative Cities", California State Guide, from the Library of Congress, data.ca.gov: open data portal from California state agencies, California Drought: Farm and Food Impacts from USDA, Economic Research Service, 1973 documentary featuring aerial views of the California coastline from Mt. [180], The culture of California is a Western culture and most clearly has its modern roots in the culture of the United States, but also, historically, many Hispanic Californio and Mexican influences. Settled by successive waves of arrivals during at least the last 13,000 years,[41] California was one of the most culturally and linguistically diverse areas in pre-Columbian North America. Soon afterward, a massive influx of immigration into the area resulted, as prospectors and miners arrived by the thousands. California's public educational system is supported by a unique constitutional amendment that requires a minimum annual funding level for grades K–12 and community colleges that grow with the economy and student enrollment figures. Much of the state was extremely well suited to fruit cultivation and agriculture in general. Wisconsinites, like Foamation',s ",Father of Fromage", Ralph Bruno, tend to have a healthy sense of humor about themselves. California's large number of endemic species includes relict species, which have died out elsewhere, such as the Catalina ironwood (Lyonothamnus floribundus). Although California had entered the American union as a free state, the "loitering or orphaned Indians" were de facto enslaved by their new Anglo-American masters under the 1853 Act for the Government and Protection of Indians. The Democrats also now hold a supermajority in both houses of the state legislature. At the apex is the seven-member Supreme Court of California, while the California Courts of Appeal serve as the primary appellate courts and the California Superior Courts serve as the primary trial courts. Municipalities incorporated in the 19th century tend to be charter municipalities. Guests will not be admitted. The majority of these cities and towns are within one of five metropolitan areas: the Los Angeles Metropolitan Area, the San Francisco Bay Area, the Riverside-San Bernardino Area, the San Diego metropolitan area, or the Sacramento metropolitan area. California is the only U.S. state to have hosted both the Summer and Winter Olympics. [67] When Commodore John D. Sloat of the United States Navy sailed into Monterey Bay and began the military occupation of California by the United States, Northern California capitulated in less than a month to the United States forces. Per Article 11, Section 1, of the Constitution of California, they are the legal subdivisions of the state. It has many earthquakes due to several faults running through the state, the largest being the San Andreas Fault. Afterwards, rebels raised the Bear Flag (featuring a bear, a star, a red stripe and the words "California Republic") at Sonoma. Here are the current $x.97 items available on 12-28-2020: The official Costco97.com Staff account. [27] Although it accounts for only 1.5% of the state's economy,[27] California's agriculture industry has the highest output of any U.S. [216] In 2011, that number grew to $43.5 billion products revenue. [182] This is a change from 2008, when the population identified their religion with the Catholic Church with 31 percent; Evangelical Protestants with 18 percent; and Mainline Protestants with 14 percent. The California National Party and the California Freedom Coalition both advocate for Californian independence along the lines of progressivism and civic nationalism. The Spaniards gave the name Las Californias to the peninsula of Baja California and to Alta California, the region that became the present-day state of California. Hundreds of billions in property values vanished and foreclosures soared as many financial institutions and investors were badly hurt.[94][95]. [note 4], As a result of the state's increasing diversity and migration from other areas across the country and around the globe, linguists began noticing a noteworthy set of emerging characteristics of spoken American English in California since the late 20th century. What is now California was first settled by various Native Californian tribes before being explored by a number of Europeans during the 16th and 17th centuries. The Republic's only president was William B. Ide,[65] who played a pivotal role during the Bear Flag Revolt. [59] He invited immigrants to stay on his ranch until they could get settled, and assisted in their obtaining passports. [151] In total for 2011, there were 277,304 immigrants. [283] However, as of 2002[update], Californians were relatively under-represented in the military as a proportion to its population. The Central Valley, a major agricultural area, dominates the state's center. By 1854, more than 300,000 settlers had come. [57], One of the largest ranchers in California was John Marsh. It is possible the name California was meant to imply the island was a Caliphate.[33][39]. Fish and Wildlife Service. [233][234], With the passage of Proposition 30 in 2012 and Proposition 55 in 2016, California now levies a 13.3% maximum marginal income tax rate with ten tax brackets, ranging from 1% at the bottom tax bracket of $0 annual individual income to 13.3% for annual individual income over $1,000,000 (though the top brackets are only temporary until Proposition 55 expires at the end of 2030). [264] Before the passage of California Proposition 14 (2010), California allowed each political party to choose whether to have a closed primary or a primary where only party members and independents vote. Following the 2018 midterm House elections, Democrats won 46 out of 53 congressional house seats in California, leaving Republicans with seven. Falls ein Verkäufer in den USA oder Großbritannien ansässig ist, kann er das eBay-Programm zum weltweiten Versand (GSP) nutzen. The Spanish Empire then claimed and colonized it. About 1,102 school districts, independent of cities and counties, handle California's public education. Consequently California also has the largest number of electoral votes in national presidential elections, with 55. [290] According to the Cook Political Report, California contains five of the 15 most Democratic congressional districts in the United States. [272][273] In addition, the county serves as the local government for all unincorporated areas. The Tehachapi area is also where the Tehachapi Energy Storage Project is located. [221] Using the supplemental poverty measure, California has a poverty rate of 23.5%, the highest of any state in the country. For other uses, see, Map of the United States with California highlighted, Guidon of the California 100 Company (Company A) during the. After the Portolà expedition of 1769–70, Spanish missionaries led by Junipero Serra began setting up 21 California Missions on or near the coast of Alta (Upper) California, beginning in San Diego. Orange County had remained largely Republican until the 2016 and 2018 elections, in which a majority of the county's votes were cast for Democratic candidates. The Colorado River forms the state's southeast border with Arizona. Trade, intermarriage and military alliances fostered many social and economic relationships among the diverse groups. ... Gas Station Pharmacy. There were many settlers from the United States fighting on both sides. [191][192][193], A 2007 study concluded that California's public school system was "broken" in that it suffered from over-regulation.[194]. average). Under earlier Spanish and Mexican rule, California's original native population had precipitously declined, above all, from Eurasian diseases to which the indigenous people of California had not yet developed a natural immunity. The United States consulate had also been located in Monterey, under consul Thomas O. Larkin. To the east of the Sierra Nevada are Owens Valley and Mono Lake, an essential migratory bird habitat. In 2008, those unaffiliated with any religion represented 21 percent of the population. Water is diverted from the delta and through an extensive network of pumps and canals that traverse nearly the length of the state, to the Central Valley and the State Water Projects and other needs. [101], About 45 percent of the state's total surface area is covered by forests,[102] and California's diversity of pine species is unmatched by any other state. [114], As of April 2003[update], 118 California animals were on the federal endangered list; 181 plants were listed as endangered or threatened. [44] The first Asians to set foot on what would be the United States occurred in 1587, when Filipino sailors arrived in Spanish ships at Morro Bay. [205] As of 2018[update], California's nominal GDP is larger than all but four countries (the United States, China, Japan, and Germany). Mortgage companies were compliant, as everyone assumed the prices would keep rising. The first full legislative sessions were held in San Jose (1850–1851). [13] Los Angeles is California's most populous city, and the country's second-most-populous, after New York City. Відремонтувати дорогу, осучаснити приміщення опорного ліцею, завершити будівництво спорткомплексу та встановити сучасні очисні споруди у смт Віньківці Хмельницької області пообіцяв народний обранець. 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